The particularities of rice varieties which are interested in the Mekong Delta

In Winter-Spring crop (2008-2009), the Mekong Delta Rice Institute carried out to till 150 varieties of rice for testing. After the crop, over 500 peasants and 50 staffs of the local agricultural variety centre commented and selected 9 most typical rice varieties including OM 6073 (ranked the first) (making up 49% of total votes). The next are such varieties as OM 5451 (43%), OM 6162 (42%), OM 4900 (36%), OM 4101 (33%), OM 5472 (26%), OM 6600 (20%) and HG2, OMCS2000 (both make up 15%). The followings are particularities of rice varieties affirming their positions in the rice field of the Mekong Delta.

THE PARTICULARITIES OF RICE VARIETIES WHICH ARE INTERESTED IN THE MEKONG DELTA

1. OM 6073 rice variety: Growing time of 95 to 100 days and long transparent rice. Big rice grain and adjusting to light alum land. Rice height of 100 to 105 cm. Winter-Spring crop output of 6-8 tons/ha and Summer-Autumn crop yield of 4-5 tons/ha. Little infected with rice blast disease and rarely falling.

2. OM 5451 rice variety is selected by hybridizing combination between Jasmine 85 and OM2490 varieties. OM 5451 rice variety has growing time for 88-93 days (thinly planted rice) in Winter-Spring crop and 90-95 days in Summer-Autumn crop. The rice blossoms concentratively with height of 95-100 cm. OM 5451 rice has a good shape and relatively strong stem, bears limb well with thick grain and low flat grain rate. The average weight of one thousand grains is 25-26 grams. Rice grain is long with little white part and become soft when being cooked. OM 5451 rice variety is capable of against brown backed rice plant hopper, rice blast disease, yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases well. The potential yield of this variety is high and stable in both Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crops with 5-8 tons/ha.

3. OM 6162 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 95 days; strong stem; rice height of 109 cm; yield is 5-7 tons/ha; it can be capable of resistance to brown backed rice plant hopper of levels 1-3 and to rice blast disease of level 1; Whole grain rice rate of 40 – 50% with white part (level 9) of 2-5%; its grain is 7.05 mm long with amylose content of 19.5 %. Other particularities: Strong stem, resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases, nice rice grain, viscidity, scent.

4. OM 4900 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 95-105 days, rice height of 100-110 cm. Rice leaf is straight, strong stem, big rice grain. Little infected with rice blast disease, rice leaf edge blight, bakanae, bearing light alum. Quality: viscid and scented cooked rice. Long rice grain which meets exporting standards. Yield: 6-8 tons/ha (Winter-Spring crop), 5-6 tons/ha (Summer-Autumn).

5. OM 4101 RICE VARIETY has growing time of 85-90 days with height of 98-103 cm and strong stem. Yield of 5-7 tons/ha. Rice shape is low. It is early ripe. Cooked rice is scented and tasty.

6. OM 5472 RICE VARIETY which is selected by hybridizing combination between OM 2718 and Jasmine 85 varieties is admitted as the testing variety in provinces of the Mekong Delta and Central Part by the ministry of agriculture and rural development in 2009. OM 5472 rice variety adjusts to wide conditions and is cultivated a lot in rice tilling areas of the Mekong Delta. OM 5472 rice variety has growing time of 90 – 93 days in Winter-Spring crop and 93-95 days in Summer-Autumn crop, flowers concentratedly, its height of 95-105 cm. This is a variety of nice shape with relative strong stem, bears limb well with thick grain and low flat grain rate. The average weight of one thousand grains is 26-27 grams. Rice grain is long with little white part and become soft and scented slightly when being cooked. The OM 5472 rice variety is capable of against brown backed rice plant hoppers, rice blast disease on average level. In the Summer-Autumn crop in 2009, the OM 5472 rice variety is lightly infected with rice blast disease at the beginning of the crop and build up a resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases well. The potential yield of this variety is high and stable in both Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crops with 5-8 tons/ha.

7. OM 6600 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 100-105 days with rice height of 95-100 cm. The average of 1,000 rice grain is 27,4 grams. It has nice shape, bears limb well and gets big and straight leaf and long flowers, rice grain is filled entirely and long and transparent. It infected rice blast disease (levels 1-6), brown backed rice plant hoppers (levels 3-5). The average rice yield is 6-8 tons/ha. It adjusts to both Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crops.

8. HG2 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 95 days and strong stem, rice height of 105 cm. The rice yield is 5-7 tons/ha. It builds up resistance brown backed rice plant hoppers of levels 1-3, rice blast disease of level 1; the whole rice grain rate is 40-50%. It has a white part making up (level 9) 2-5% and is 7.03 mm long and the amylose content makes up 20%. Other particularities are strong stem, building up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases, nice, viscid and scented cooked rice.

9. OM 3995 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 95-100 days, rice height of 95-100 cm. The average weight of 1,000 rice grains is 25.8 grams. It bears limbs well and has average leaves with long flowers. The rice grain is filled entirely. The firm rice grain rate is high (83.4%); the rice grain is long and transparent; it is infected with brown backed rice plant hoppers (level 5), rice leaf blight (level 6); the average rice yield is 6-8 tons/ha. It can adjust to both Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crops. Notes: Monitor the rice for preventing brown backed rice plant hoppers and rice blast disease when tilling.

10. OM 6377 RICE VARIETY has the growing time for 95-100 days with rice height of 85-90 cm. The average weight of 1,000 rice grains is 32.7 grams. It bears limbs well and has average leaves with long flowers. The rice grain is long and transparent and the firm rice grain rate is high. This variety can be infected with brown backed rice plant hoppers (levels 4-3), little rice leave blight; the average rice yield is 6-8 tons/ha. It can adjust to both Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crops. Notes: Monitor the rice for preventing brown backed rice plant hoppers and rice blast disease when tilling.

11. OM 4498 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 90-95 days and rice height of 95-100 cm. It builds up resistance of pestilent insect and disease but is little infected with brown backed rice plant hoppers (level 5), and builds up little resistance to rice blast disease (level 3); It adjusts to alum well. The yield is 6-8 tons/ha. Rice quality: rice chafed rate is high (unpolished rice makes up 79-80%, white rice 68-69%, whole grain rice 50-55%. The rice grain is slim and long (7.0 – 7.1 mm) and ratio of length and width is 3.3. The white part is low; the average amyloza content is about 24.5%.

12. OM 2718 RICE VARIETY: The growing time of 100 days in the condition of sowing and transplanting rice and 90-95 days in the condition of sowing rice only. The rice height is 100-105 cm. The average yield in Winter-Spring crop is 5-6 tons/ha and Summer-Autumn crop is 4 tons/ha. OM 2718 rice grain is 7mm long and has no white part. The cooked rice is soft and meets the standards for exporting. It builds up average resistance to brown backed rice plant hoppers but is infected with rice blast disease (level 7), and little infected with brown backed rice plant hoppers (level 5).

13. OM 4218 RICE VARIETY: The growing time is 90-95 days. The rice grain is long, transparent, soft cooked rice. This variety can adjust to light alum land. The rice height is 90-95 cm. The yield of Winter-Spring crop is 6-8 tons/ha and of Summer-Autumn 5-6 tons/ha. It seldom falls and builds up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases well.

14. OM 6561 RICE VARIETY: The growing time is 90-95 days. The rice grain is long and transparent with big flowers. The rice height is 95-100 cm. The yield of Winter-Spring crop is 6-8 tons/ha and of Summer-Autumn 4-6 tons/ha. It seldom falls and builds up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases well.

15. OM 5930 RICE VARIETY: The growing time is 95-100 days. It has strong stem and rice height of 103 cm. The rice yield is 5-7 tons/ha. Its builds resistance to brown backed rice plant hoppers (levels 1-3) and rice blast disease (level 1). The whole grain rice rate is 40-50%, and its white part rate is 5-7% (level 9). It rice grain is 7.2 mm long with amylose content is 24.05%. Other particularities: Strong stem, building up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases, nice rice shape, light scent, being admitted the national variety in 2008.

16. OM 5636 RICE VARIETY: The growing time is 93-37 days. It has strong stem with rice height of 110 cm. The rice yield is 5-7 tons/ha. It can build up resistance to brown backed rice plant hoppers (level 3) and rice blast disease (level 3); the whole grain rice is 35-50 %, and the white part is 10 % (level 9). It rice grain is 7.02 mm long with amylose content of 24.52%. Other particularities: Strong stem, building up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases, adjusting to alum land, nice rice shape and being admitted for pilot production in 2008.

17. OM 6377 (AG1) RICE VARIETY: The growing time is 90-95 days. It has strong stem with rice height of 111 cm. The rice yield is 5-7 tons/ha. It can build up resistance to grown backed rice plant hoppers (levels 1-3) and rice blast disease (levels 1-3). The whole grain rice rate is 45% and its white part is 8% (level 9). The rice grain is 7.05 mm long with amylase content of 24.3 %. Other particularities: strong stem, building up resistance to yellow dwarf disease, nice rice shape and lightly scented cooked rice.

18. OM CS 2009 RICE VIRIETY: The growing time is 85 days. It has a strong stem with rice height of 101 cm. The yield is 5-7 tons/ha. It can build up resistance to brown backed rice plant hoppers (levels 1-3) and rice blast disease (levels 1-3). The whole grain rice rate is 45% and its white part is 5-10% (level 9). The rice grain is 7.08 mm long with amylase content of 24.3 %. Other particularities: strong stem, building up resistance to yellow dwarf and twisted leaves dwarf diseases, short growing days, nice rice shape and soft cooked rice.

19. OMCS 2000 RICE VARIETY: The main particularities of this variety are that it has rice height of 108 cm. The growing time is 93 days (Winter-Spring crop: 93 days, and Summer-Autumn crop: 99 days). It is of medium intensive cultivation form and adjusts to alum land well. The highest yield is 8 tons/ha, medium one 5.4 tons/ha and the lowest 3.6 tons/ha. Its flowers length is 24cm. The number of firm rice grain is 70-90, the flat rice grain rate is 15-19%. The average weight of 1.000 rice grains is 25-26 grams. It has a slim shape and is 7.3 mm long. The whole grain rice is 52.24 %. The rice quality is good and interested by many consumers. For using the variety and its technical requirements, OMCS2000 rice variety has a large adjustment to every land. It can adjust to both Winter-Spring crop and Summer-Autumn crop.

Source:
- Website “Accompanying with farmers”
- Website: Vinh Long department of agriculture and rural development
- National agricultural and fishery promotion center
- Hau Giang agricultural and fishery promotion center